Effect of materials on the forming characteristics of laser-MIG hybrid welding process with filler wire for aluminum alloy

In this study, the test subjects included the aluminum alloys 2A14 and 5A06, as well as the welding wires ER2319 and ER5356, single laser welding, laser welding with filler wire, laser-MIG hybrid welding and laser-MIG hybrid welding with filler wire were carried out respectively to research the influence of aluminum alloy base material and welding wire on weld forming characteristics. The results show that: under the same test conditions, the penetration of the base material 5A06 is greater than that of 2A14, the maximum is about 50.8%, and the penetration filling ER5356 is greater than that of ER2319, the maximum is about 32.3%; for 2A14 aluminum alloy, the penetration is basically unchanged after filling with ER5356, and there is a relatively large decrease after filling ER2319, the maximum is about 21.3%; for 5A06 aluminum alloy, the penetration decreases after filling both kinds of welding wire, the penetration achieved with filler wire ER2319 is lower than that of ER5356. At the same time, through the process of laser absorption in different metal materials, it was found that the differences in material composition led to different laser absorption rates, resulting in different energy utilization, which is an important reason for the correlation between aluminum alloy materials and laser-MIG hybrid welding with filler wire.